Realizing this value is by no means certain or automatic-it necessitates multiple high-value use cases and high levels of usage-and not all of these potential sources of economic value may translate into GDP. In our seven focus countries, extending full digital ID coverage could unlock economic value equivalent to 3 to 13 percent of GDP in 2030, with just over half of the potential economic value potentially accruing to individuals.

In this research, we develop a framework to understand the potential economic impact of digital ID, informed by an analysis of nearly 100 ways in which digital ID can be used in Brazil, China, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

When well-designed, digital ID not only enables civic and social empowerment, but also makes possible real and inclusive economic gains-a less well understood aspect of the technology. The risks and potential for misuse of digital ID are real and deserve careful attention. Briefing Note (PDF-160KB) Executive Summary (PDF-1MB) Full Report (PDF-2MB)ĭigital identification, or “digital ID,” can be authenticated unambiguously through a digital channel, unlocking access to banking, government benefits, education, and many other critical services.